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HEADGEAR WORN BY THE MEN

[Crush Caps] [Garrison Caps] [Ball Cap] [Pith Helmet]

CRUSH CAPS - This is the classic "bomber pilot" headgear, worn by USAAF pilots in Europe and the Pacific! Actually, this was the standard Army/AAF officer's dress cap, worn by pilots and non-pilots alike, but pilots gave this cap their own unique twist. Normally, this cap had stiffeners -- a support piece behind the cap device and a wire around the inside top perimeter to maintain the cap's round shape. These kept the cap in its proper, regulation military shape and angle. However, since pilots wore headsets over their caps during flights, they would remove the wire stiffener to make headset wear more comfortable, causing the sides of the caps to become crushed. Eventually, the caps retained their floppy "crushed" look, giving the pilot who wore it the look of a seasoned veteran. The crush cap identified its wearer as an experiened pro, and was as much a part of his identity as his leather flight jacket.
 


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GARRISON CAP (Overseas Cap) - In 1939, a new field cap (in the World War One 'Overseas Cap' shape) was adopted for barracks and field use. It proved inappropriate for field wear and was then standardized on 19 February 1941 as the 'Cap, Garrison', to replace the peaked service cap. The Garrison cap for enlisted men was piped in the arm or service colors around the curtain and adorned with the unit's distinctive insignia on the left front. The cap was made in Olive Drab serge for the winter uniform, and in tan cotton for summer/tropical wear. Its cut was slightly altered in 1942.

1. CAP, GARRISON, OFFICER'S - In December 1940, three new garrison cap ornamentation were authorized for officers: gold braid for general officers, gold and black for other officers, and silver and black for Warrant Officers. The left side of the cap bore the unit distinctive insignia until August 1942, when it was replaced by the rank insignia.

2. CAP, GARRISON, KHAKI - Overseas cap in tan cotton, worn with the cotton shirt and trousers.

3. Cap in olive drab wool serge, piped in artillery red. Pattern standardized on 19 February 1941.

4. Cap made according to the 2 June 1942 pattern, piped in light-blue for the infantry.

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Piping for the Garrison Caps (L to R) enlisted Army
Air Corps - All Officers - All Warrant Officers

BALL CAP - Most pilots during WWII wore either their 50 mission "Crush" Cap while they were flying, or this aviator's "ball" cap style hat. A lot of the photos I have seen have the bill of the cap turned up. "We just pinned on our rank and wore it. It was not so much an issue thing. Nobody really cared". Lieutenant Jay Brockett
 

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PITH HELMET - Traditionally used by the colonial forces of Europe, India, Africa and the US, it was also widely used by missionaries, adventurers, and anyone else living in, or traveling to, the tropics. Original pith helmets were made from pith bark, from which the helmet derives its name. Pith helmets provide excellent protection from the sun, and the adjustable one size fits all web headband allows cooling air to circulate around the top and sides of the head, aided by multiple side vents. This is the same type commonly worn by US forces stationed in the Pacific during WWII. Front chin strap on brim. Khaki color.

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